The Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Euphorbia macroclada Boiss. Extract on Colon Cancer Cells
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https://doi.org/10.62482/pmj.11Keywords:
Euphorbia macroclada, colon cancer, cytotoxicity, genotoxicityAbstract
Introduction: Cancer continues to be the second most common cause of death globally. There is currently any proven treatment medication for cancer. Chemotherapy is one of the modern therapeutic approaches that not only kills cancer cells but also has major negative effects on healthy cells. 80% of people worldwide still get their basic medical care from traditional medications, according to data from the World Health Organization. Scientists have created new approaches to treating cancer by combining radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery with a variety of phytochemicals derived from different plant species. This is because plants and active pharmaceutical ingredients derived from plants have minimal to no side effects and high activity. The Euphorbia macroclada, found in different locations of Turkey, has long been utilized by the public for its traditional medicinal properties in treating a range of illnesses. Research conducted in current scientific databases has established that Euphorbia macroclada exhibits significant antioxidant activity.
Methods: This study aims to evaluate the potential antiproliferative effect of the dichloromethane extract of the Euphorbia macroclada on HT-29 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines using the in vitro MTT technique. Additionally, the possible genotoxic activity using the Comet assay on human colon cancer cells were also done.
Results: The IC50 concentration of Euphorbia macroclada was determined to be 133,835 µg/mL in HCT-116 and 111,215 µg/mL in HT-29 cells after 24 h. Concurrently with the MTT results, it was established that there was an increase in DNA damage in a dose dependent manner than those of control.
Conclusion: Following the collection of these data with the Euphorbia macroclada, it has been determined that dichloromethane extract of the Euphorbia macroclada has the potential to serve as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of colon cancer. On the other hand, in vivo and in vitro studies are needed.
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